Closing the three-part AFC series (continuing from Part 1 and Part 2), this article compares EMV open-loop, account-based ticketing (ABT), and closed-loop SAM-backed systems — and where each model actually wins.
Singapore
- EZ-Link card established in 2001, initially based on Sony FeliCa smart card technology
- Used for Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), and public buses
- NETS FlashPay card entered the market in September 2009
- New CEPAS EZ-Link card introduced September 2009, expanding usage to taxis, ERP gantries, car parks, convenience stores, supermarkets, and fast-food restaurants
- 2017: LTA piloted paying for bus and train rides with credit cards
- System features: top-ups via EZ-Link App, reward points earning and redemption
Indonesia
- TransJakarta (Bus Rapid Transit system in Jakarta) accepts e-tickets from several local banks
- E-tickets available at shelters, banks (Mandiri, BCA, BRI, BNI, Bank DKI), minimarkets, supermarkets, gas stations
- Same cards work with KA Commuter Jabodetabek (Commuterline)
- Tap on Bus Validator available for TransJakarta, Trans Metro Bandung, Trans Jogja
Hong Kong
- Octopus chip card launched September 1997
- Used by 99% of residents
- Serves transport and non-transport services, plus access control
- Second contactless smart card system worldwide (after Korean Upass)
- Inspired Navigo (Paris), Oyster Card (London), Opal Card (New South Wales)
- Used in retail shops, parking meters, car parks, vending machines, libraries, swimming pools
- Non-payment uses include school attendance and office building access
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